China has ordered several state agencies to replace Windows with Linux-based domestic operating systems, part of Beijing’s effort to reduce reliance on U.S. technology.
The affected bodies currently use Windows 10 China Government Edition. Rather than move to Windows 11, they will shift toward Chinese-developed alternatives as part of the planned transition.
Bloomberg reported that concerns over Windows 11 data collection and privacy features may have influenced the decision.
Microsoft told the outlet it knew of no security incidents involving Windows 10 China Government Edition. The company also said the system continues to receive regular security updates.
The specialised Windows version was due to reach end of life in February 2027. However, the new plans could accelerate its phaseout to late 2026.
Windows 10 China Government Edition was developed by C&M Information Technologies, or CMIT. The company emerged from a 2016 joint venture between Microsoft and state-owned China Electronics Technology Group.
CMIT customised the operating system for Chinese government requirements. It uses localised activation and update systems, removes some Microsoft consumer services and supports Chinese cryptographic standards.
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Beijing has not announced which Linux distributions the agencies will adopt. However, analysts expect officials to favour domestic platforms.
KylinOS and UOS, developed by Kylin Software and UnionTech respectively, rank among China’s more established Linux-based systems. Shares in both providers rose after reports of the planned Windows replacement emerged.
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Huawei is also adapting HarmonyOS for personal computers. The platform could offer another domestic option, although large-scale deployment may take more time.
The transition initially applies to selected government bodies rather than to all Chinese institutions or consumers. It forms part of Beijing’s wider effort to replace foreign software and hardware with domestic technology.
